中华人民共和国主席令（七届第29号）

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湖北省人民政府


湖北省矿产储量管理规定
湖北省人民政府


第一章 总 则
第一条 为加强矿产储量管理，合理开发利用矿产储量，根据《中华人民共和国矿产资源法》和有关法律、法规的规定，结合我省实际，制定本规定。
第二条 本规定所称矿产储量，是指已经查明的符合现阶段开采技术和经济条件的矿产资源量。
矿产资源属国家所有，任何组织或个人不得侵占或破坏。
第三条 在本省境内从事矿产储量的勘查、开发利用和报销管理工作，必须遵守本规定。
本省乡镇集体矿山企业矿产储量管理办法另行制定。在乡镇集体矿山企业矿产储量管理办法颁布前，乡镇集体矿山企业的储量管理工作，参照本规定执行。
第四条 省地质矿产主管部门负责全省矿产储量管理工作。
省矿产储量委员会（以下简称省储委）负责审批全省矿产储量勘查报告（以下简称勘查报告）、储量报销、矿床工业指标等工作。
省矿产储量委员会办公室（以下简称省储委办公室）具体负责审查勘查报告、矿产储量及储量报销；组织开展有关矿产储量管理方面的科学研究活动；进行矿山回访调查等工作。
第五条 地区行署，市、州、县人民政府的地质矿产主管部门或本级人民政府（行署）指定的机构负责本行政区域内的矿产储量管理工作。
省各矿业主管部门，应结合本部门职责，协助省地质矿产主管部门抓好矿产储量管理工作。
矿山企业和地下水水源地开发单位的地测机构或地测技术人员，负责本企业矿产储量管理工作。

第二章 勘查报告的审批
第六条 新建县以上矿山或地下水开采企业，必须按国家有关规定先探明储量，由具有地质勘查资格的单位提交勘查报告，报省储委或全国矿产储量委员会（以下简称全国储委）审批。
第七条 下列矿产储量的勘查报告或数据必须经省储委审查批准后，方能作为矿山设计（生产）的依据或提供使用：
（一）因新建或改、扩建矿山企业和地下水开采企业探明的储量；
（二）在经批准的设计开采范围以外探明的矿产储量；
（三）作为国家地质勘查储量承包结算依据的矿产储量；
（四）参加评奖的科技成果中涉及的矿产储量数据；
（五）用于经济建设中长期计划（或规划）及城乡供水建设规划的矿产和地下水储量；
（六）由于改变工业指标等原因而重新计算的储量；
（七）按规定必须由省储委审批的其他矿产储量。
第八条 地质勘查单位应于每年11月底前向省储委报送下年度勘查报告审批计划。地质勘查单位提交的勘查报告，必须先经地质勘查单位的主管部门审查确认后，方能报省储委审批，同时应向省储委提交下列文件：
（一）地质矿产主管部门颁发的勘查许可证；
（二）地质勘查单位主管部门颁发的野外地质工作质量验收合格证明；
（三）与矿山建设设计有关的其他重大问题的专题研究报告。
第九条 为提高勘查报告的审批质量，省储委办公室在收到勘查报告后，应指定主审人，对报告进行全面认真的评审，必要时可聘请评论员。需要召开审查会议的，由省储委办公室组织召开有矿山企业、矿山企业主管部门、设计单位、地质勘查单位、地质勘查单位主管部门和专家等参
加的审查会议，并形成审查意见书。省储委根据审查意见书的建议，由主任或由主任委托副主任签发审批决议书。
第十条 审批勘查报告，必须执行国家技术监督部门统一颁发的质量标准或全国储委制订的规范。没有质量标准或规范的矿种，可按照地质勘探规范总则或比照相近矿种规范或有关行业管理部门提出的要求进行审批、
第十一条 省储委办公室收到勘查报告后，应在4个月内批复。其中小型勘查报告应在2个月内批复。上述期限不包括勘查报告需要修改补充的时间。
第十二条 凡经审查批准的勘查报告，省储委应对申报单位下达审批决议书。对未取得全国储委或省储委下达的矿产储量审批决议书的建设项目，有关部门不得办理相应的手续。
第十三条 矿床工业指标由国家或省有关主管部门根据既充分利用矿产储量，又注重矿山经济效益的原则，科学、合理地确定后下达。
矿山企业无主管部门的，其矿床工业指标由省储委制定下达。
对违背国家政策和法律、法规、规章规定或技术规范的矿床工业指标，省储委有权否决，并要求有关部门重新制定。
第十四条 矿山企业需要改变原正式批准的矿床工业指标，应当上报论证资料，经有关矿业主管部门会同省储委审查同意后，由原矿床工业指标下达机关重新下达。矿山企业按重新下达的矿床工业指标计算矿产储量，提交重算储量报告。重算储量报告经全国储委或省储委批准后，方能
作为矿山建设设计、生产的依据。

第三章 矿产储量的开采和报销
第十五条 矿山、地下水和油气田建设企业，对取得的设计范围内的矿产储量，应报经有关管理部门审查后，向省地质矿产主管部门备案。
第十六条 矿山企业因合并、分离、改变开采范围等原因变更矿产储量，必须经原批准开办该矿山企业的主管部门会同地质矿产主管部门审查同意后，方能办理变更手续。
第十七条 矿山企业在生产过程中，应根据采掘工程和探矿工程资料，在计算“三级”矿量的同时，对矿体进行再圈定，并按批准的矿床工业指标计算生产勘探储量，及时掌握开采过程中的探明储量、非正常开采损失量和保有储量，以便正确制定生产、技术改造计划和矿山接替计划。


第十八条 矿山生产勘探储量和地下水水源地开采量与原地质勘查储量存在较大误差，影响正常生产时，矿山企业和水源地开采单位应提出储量重算报告，经主管部门审核后，报省储委复审，并重新颁发审批决议书。
第十九条 矿山年度及阶段储量报销报告，由原批准开办该矿山企业的主管部门审批，报同级地质矿产主管部门备案；非正常开采损失储量报销报告须会同省储委审批；矿山闭坑储量报告由原批准开办该矿山企业的主管部门初审后，报省储委审批，并报省计划管理部门备案。
矿山闭坑储量报告未经审批或未获批准，矿山企业不得撤出生产设施和毁坏生产系统，不得停闭采矿场所，有关主管部门不得批准矿山闭坑。地质矿产主管部门认为有必要时，有权对矿山企业的储量报销现场进行检查。
第二十条 储量报销范围内残留于坑底或其边部、深部的储量，暂难利用但有可能复采的残留储量，以及中停矿井（场）的未采储量，均不能报销。有关单位应对其采取保存措施，以备将来复采。

第四章 矿产储量的统计分析
第二十一条 凡经省储委或全国储委审查批准的矿产储量，省地质矿产主管部门根据国家有关规定，按年度对其开采、报销、保有或增长情况进行统计。
第二十二条 矿山企业必须按国家有关规定，如实编制本企业的矿产储量报表。矿产储量报表必须经本企业主管负责人同意，并经矿山企业主管部门审核后，按规定报送地质矿产主管部门。
第二十三条 地下水开发利用情况报表的编制和报送程序，除必须遵守本规定第二十二条规定外，报表应同时报送省水行政主管部门。
第二十四条 省地质矿产主管部门应对全省的矿产储量报表进行汇总，报省政府和国务院有关部门。
省地质矿产主管部门应对矿产储量报表中反映的情况进行技术分析，并将有价值的技术分析意见报送省政府及有关部门。
第二十五条 省储委办公室负责组织对重点矿山企业的储量回访调查工作，并将回访调查情况上报全国储委。
第二十六条 凡需对外发布的本省矿产储量统计数据，必须先经省地质矿产主管部门核定。未经核定的矿产储量统计数据，不得对外发布，亦不得列为国家矿产储量正式统计数据。

第五章 奖励与惩罚
第二十七条 对认真执行国家矿产储量管理法律、法规及本规定，在矿产储量的勘查、开发利用和管理工作中取得显著成绩的单位和个人，由各级人民政府、地质矿产主管部门或矿山企业主管部门给予精神和物质奖励。
第二十八条 违反本规定，有下列行为之一者，由省地质矿产部门给予警告或通报批评：
（一）在勘查报告和闭坑报告资料中弄虚作假的；
（二）不按规定提交矿产储量报表的；
（三）提交质量低劣的勘查报告又拒不改正的；
（四）违反本规定第二十六条规定，擅自对外发布矿产储量统计数据的。
第二十九条 违反本规定，在矿山设计、生产中擅自提高工业指标，造成矿产储量严重损失的；未经批准，擅自开发利用矿产储量，以及违反国家统计、保密法律、法规规定的，由有关主管部门按国家和省的规定给予经济处罚，对直接责任人员应给予行政处分。
第三十条 当事人对行政处罚决定不服的，依照《行政复议条例》和《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》的规定办理。

第六章 附 则
第三十一条 本规定应用中的问题，由省地质矿产主管部门负责解释。
第三十二条 本规定自发布之日起施行。



1994年8月27日

The Draft Constitution and Human Rights Protection in European Union

周大勇 (Zhou,Dayong)

1 the general introduction of the draft constitution in aspect of the human rights
2 short review of the human rights protection in European Union
3 the new points in aspect of human rights in the draft constitution
3.1 common values
3.2 incorporation of the Charter of fundamental rights
3.3 other changes could affect the human rights
4 arisen questions
4.1 the protection different from under the Convention
4.2 the two courts system and its application
5 conclusions in a historical view




1 general introduction of the draft constitution in aspect of the human rights

“Conscious that Europe is a continent that has brought forth civilization; That its inhabitants, arriving in successive waves from earliest times, have gradually developed the values underlying humanism: equality of persons, freedom, respect for reason” Extract from the preamble to the draft Constitution

In past 16 years, the European Union (EU hereafter) has marked itself through a series of changes. From The Single European Act, in which the Union committed itself to create a single market and at the same time establish on its territory the freedom of movement of people, goods, services as well as capital, to Maastricht Treaty, which brought the Union into reality and led to common foreign policy and cooperation in the area of justice and internal affairs as a higher level cooperation among Member States. Then the following Amsterdam (1997) and Nice (2001) Treaties, strengthened cooperation in foreign and security policy and placed Justice and Home Affairs matters and established the frame for the Union as a legitimate institution, in which people from different nations integrated in a large region would have common historical direction and splendid future before them. Just before the door of enlargement of the Union, it was argued that the Union has to improve democracy and transparency as well as efficiency, in order to outlines the EU’s purpose and competence clearly and streamline structures so as to prevent paralysis, therefore a new constitution for the Union is determined to replace the EU's series of key treaties in passed over the last 50 years as a single document .

Under leading of former French President and master draftsman Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, the European Convention set about its work of drafting the European Union's first ever full-fledged constitution. With the convention's work completed, the draft must now be finalized by an Intergovernmental Conference of European leaders that is expected to complete deliberations by the end of the 2003. As far as our topic is concerned, noticeably modifications come out in the constitution contract, first of all, the incorporation of the Charter of Fundamental Rights, which we will discuss later. In the beginning it is meaningful to consider the statues of the draft constitution in the progress course of the Union. The Union desires to bring peace and prosperity, to promote economic and social progress through continuously integrating market and expanding freedom under light of united institution and social systems . These goals, however, are the foundation of development and protection of human rights . That means, if we regard human rights as a series right which realized at first in peaceful and law-ruling society, then the Union has already kept on entrenching to appreciate these goal from beginning on, and now by means of perusing such goal in a larger region through enlargement, the EU’s influence extent to broader area and more people.

The draft constitution then in such context should be viewed as another historical phase in the process. Because the promoting of well-being and fortune of people depend not only on the development of economic situation and adding some single freedom clauses into the governmental documents, but also upon the entire politic system and background in which we live. Without governing based on democratic and effective institutional structure, and especially a ripe legislation and judiciary mechanism, the realization and protection of human rights could only be on the paper. This is also one of the motive caused the Declaration on the future of the European Union which committed the Union to becoming more democratic, more transparent and effective, in order to pave the way for a Constitution in response to the expectations of the people of Europe . In this perspective, one shall recognize the Constitution as a moving forward step of the whole EU institutionalization targeting its goal, so that to discuss the Constitution in connection with the human right protection, it is helpful to review the human rights protection in Europe and, especially in EU.

2 short review of the human rights protection in European Union

The protection of human rights has been internationally come to life in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 (UDHR) with reorganization of disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind and respect for inherent dignity as well as the equal rights of all members of the human. This declaration states explicitly that the rights and freedoms of humans have to be guaranteed without distinction and destruction by any group, state or person. These principles were broadly accepted by European countries, considering the origin of the EU (EC) and the historical separation in Europe after WWII, we denote only the contracting countries of European Community.

For the Member States of EC, the Council of Europe has been up to now the most important instrument, which established in 1949 as a result of the Congress of Europe in The Hague , and took for the basic of the human rights protection. The Council accepted the principles of Universal Declaration of Human Rights and integrated it into The European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights (the Convention hereafter), which and its 12 Protocols turned out to be the significant resource for Human Rights protection in Europe. Because of the existence of the Convention, the other two organizations established in the same age aftermath of the Second World War, i.e. OEEC and the European Communities didn’t include relevant clauses for Human Rights protection into their founding treaties. Since it was agreed at that time, the Council of Europe would focus on the protection of human rights, fundamental freedoms and democratic values, whereas the OECD and the European Communities were to be concerned with the economic restoration of Europe. The reason of separate organizations was based on a view to avoiding economic excuses for future inhumanity. Another reason came from the thought, which believed that the process of economic integration set forth in the Community Treaties could not lead to a violation of human rights. Furthermore, the original Member States in the Treaty of Rome feared, that the inclusion of a "bill of rights" in the Treaty might have brought about an undesirable expansion of Community powers, since it could lead Community institutions to interpret their powers as extending to anything not explicitly prohibited by the enumerated guarantees.

Under the regime of Council of Europe, a lots of achievement of human rights improvement has been reached , yet along with the development and expansion of EU, another mechanism on protection of human rights which does not totally rely on the Council of Europe has derived out on one hand, on the other hand being lack of provisions ruling human rights protection in the Treaty establishing EC did not prevent the EC and the later European Union from providing care for the protection against the violations on human rights. Naturally, how could a swelling supranational organization as EC, which has been continually strengthening its power in all social aspects, does not involve in human rights issues especially when the consciousness of human rights nowadays become more significant both in international and national stages? Regarding to EU, The protection system has been formed in three aspects.

First of all, the legislation in the Member States of EU. Since there were no Member States of EU (EC) which accedes to the Community without being a member of the Council of Europe, and according to the Convention, it impose obligations on the Member States that they should ensure that the internal laws and practices comply with the human rights standards set out in the instruments. Very member states in EU have recognize the principles derived from the Convention and incorporated them somehow into national laws, most importantly, provided constitutive protection as the basic legal resource for human rights protection. For example in Germany, Basic Law (Grundgesetz) Art 1 to 19 deliver explicit provisions even beyond the Convention; the same case as Part VIII (§71-85) in Constitution of Denmark ; in Britain the Act of Human Rights came into force on 2 October 2000 steers extending a ways, in which the Convention can be used before domestic courts. Certainly, according to the classic human rights lessons, the basic protection of human rights could only be afforded at the national level through national legislation and excise of authoritative power.

Secondly, the institutions and legislation at the EU level acts also with high respect to the human rights protection. The EU has showed its commitment to human rights and fundamental freedoms and has explicitly confirmed the EU's attachment to fundamental social rights ever since its establishment.

The Amsterdam Treaty established procedures intended to secure their protection. It was ascertained, as a general principle, that the European Union should respect human rights and fundamental freedoms, upon which the Union is founded. For the first time a procedure is introduced, according to which severe and continuing violations of Fundamental Rights can lead to suspension of voting and other rights of a member state, if the Union determined the existence of a serious and persistent breach of these principles by that Member State. As to the Candidate countries, they should also respect these principles to join the Union. Furthermore, It has also given the European Court of Justice the power to ensure respect of fundamental rights and freedoms by the European institutions. In accordance with the inner requirement for the implementation of development cooperation operations, in order to reach objective of developing and consolidating democracy, EU also need its rule respecting for human rights. Such cases we have are for instance the EU Council’s regulation on human rights, Council Regulation (EC) No 975/199 and Council Regulation (EC) No 976/1999 for example, are aimed at providing technical and financial aid for operations to promote and protect of civil and political rights as well as economic, social and cultural rights etc.

Likewise, at their meeting in Cologne in June 1999, EU leaders declared that in respect to the current stage of progress of the European Union, the fundamental rights applicable at Union level should be pushed forward, namely be consolidated in a Charter and thereby made more evident. They argued, that the legal resources of human rights protection come from not only the European Convention of Human Right, but also from various international conventions drawn up by the Council of Europe as well as the United Nations and the International Labor Organization, they also include EU treaties themselves and from the case law of the European Court of Justice. As a result, a Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (the Charter hereinafter) was sketch out, which highlighted the EU’s respect for human rights, for fundamental freedoms and for the principle of democracy through listing more rights a more precise definition of the common values comparing the early documents including the Convention. We will continue to concentrate on the Charter in point 3 since it has been integrated in the draft Constitution as an outstanding achievement.

Finally, the opinion and case-law of European Court of Justice (ECJ hereafter) also have immense impact on the establishment of the instrument of human rights protection within EU.

Although the jurisprudence developed by the ECJ recognizes the Convention as the standard-setter in cases in which the Court has to consider and decide a human rights issue, since there were no relevant legislation existed in the frame of the Community, the ECJ furnish itself power in this aspect by means of case-law. Earlier in 1974, the ECJ first made reference to the ECHR in the Nold judgment, in which the ECJ emphasized its commitment to fundamental human rights based on the constitutional traditions of the Member States’ fundamental rights form an integral part of the general principles of law which the Court enforces. In assuring the protection of such rights, the Court is required to base itself on the constitutional traditions common to the Member States and therefore could not allow measures, which are incompatible with the fundamental rights recognized and guaranteed by the constitutions of such States. The ECJ declared, that the international treaties on the protection of human rights in which the Member States have cooperated or to which they have adhered could also supply indications which may be taken into account within the framework of Community law.

That implied, even without clear regulations in the treaties, the remedy against violation on human rights could also be provided within the framework of the Community in respect for the common traditions applied to the Member States, and in connection with we have mentioned about the Member States’ above, the principles and resource applied to the Member States derived from the Council of Europe. Thus a EU standard could be established by transform a rating comparison of the members’ legal systems to the case-law in ECJ in respect for human rights.